Multi-Monitors and Increased Development Productivity? 58
cK-Gunslinger asks: "I'm looking for some definitive, legitimate studies/research that show that using a multiple-monitor setup yields increased productivity for code development. (or disproves, as the case may be.) I've seen many online 'articles' that praise the virtues of multi-monitor setups for content creation and HTML editing, but my interest lies more in the OO design, coding, and test realm. Sites such as
RealTime offer some good info, albeit not completely unbiased. And who doesn't drool over X-Top systems. I'd like to submit a proposal to our IT and Process groups recommending a "trial run" on some small project, but am having a difficult time finding enough empirical evidence to crack the budget-clench. I'd also be interested in user comments on how multi-mon setups have helped your productivity as well as how you typically use your setup (what apps, how many monitors, CRT vs LCD, etc.)"
i don't have any definate research, but.... (Score:4, Insightful)
To be able to have documentation open on one screen, and your actual work on the other screen would speed up development. I know using spreadsheets benefit greatly using the monitor spanning, where your work is spread over both monitors. I can see how a vertical monitor configuration would allow a coder to view more code at the same time, and would probably speed up development.
Re:i don't have any definate research, but.... (Score:1)
Re:i don't have any definate research, but.... (Score:2)
In my last company I had a multi monitor set up. I was the only developer with such a set up, I basically bought the video cards and acquired the monitors.
Your central monitor has your code/compiler/debugger
your left usuall has your documentation/email and the right has your running app/browser. Mostly I have my email open on the left unless I'm rtfm my right has my web browser unless I'm testing/debugging.
Onc you've used multi monitor you wonder how the hell you got along with out.
Re:i don't have any definate research, but.... (Score:1)
It's just too obvious... (Score:1, Informative)
Consider that it takes 3-5 seconds to go to a task bar/dock/menu to bring up a buried window, but only about 1 second (or less) to flick the mouse over the window on the second monitor. Now consider how many times per day you switch between a debugger window and the window of an app being debugged, or between different code windows you're comparing, or between a code window and a documentation window. The ROI of a second monitor is impressively large--partly because the cost is so low these days.
This message brought to you by a programmer who is temporarily without his second monitor because of equipment failure--it hurts!
Re:It's just too obvious... (Score:1)
do the exp (Score:1)
You need to do the experiment yourself. Take this data, along with another's who got the same results and hand it over to your penny pinching comrades. You could do a lit review in HCI, but you probably won't find info on this for another year or two. And if you do, it won't match what you are talking about(improved OOP output) exactly. It will talk about visual spatial sketch pad and your dudes will be confused when you present this.
but as for dual monitors, the may increase productivity, they may not. Your coders may start using the extra monitor to watch movies, you don't know. Do the experiment.
Multiple monitors, CRT vs LCD (Score:3, Interesting)
This particular Windows machine was set up to be a "control center" to run a whole bunch of browser-based applications together. I found that in practice it's very confusing to administrate, since Windows counts it as a huge screen, and there seems to be a bit of drop-off at the edges. So whenever dialogue boxes appear in the middle of the screen, they are split evenly between the two monitors and parts of them don't seem to make it (they drop into the gap between screens). Worse yet, they often cannot be moved, which makes entering data a royal pain.
MacOS X (as seen in the Apple store) handles this much better, but it's still fairly confusing in practice. You can see this with their store display of a PowerBook G4 hooked up to a Cinema Display. I would suggest that if you have an Apple Store in your area, you might want to try checking it out. Unfortunately, the menu bar is on the top of only one of the screens, with the Dock [like the Windows taskbar] at the bottom of the other, which again can be confusing. But it's a lot better than the Windows approach, since they are still treated as multiple monitors, and dialogue boxes appear in the center of the individual monitors, not split between them.
So if you can develop with Macs, that's the way to go since the setup is so much more intelligent than with Windows.
The presence of more screen real estate is undeniably addictive, and I'm sure I'd get used to it if I actually wound up working with that kind of setup on a daily basis. But I think a single high-resolution monitor would be a better way to go if you can afford it. I have a SGI 1600SW monitor and the extra resolution (1600x1024) is well worth the cost. When I visit the Apple Store, I drool over the new Cinema HD Display (1920x1200-odd). If you can afford that, I'd highly recommend it.
For development, I don't think there's any contest between LCDs and CRTs. Buy the LCD because it's a lot sharper than the CRT, doesn't flicker and won't degrade over time.
Hope that helps.
D
Re:Multiple monitors, CRT vs LCD (Score:2)
Don't knock windows dual-head setups until you have tried a good setup. Buy yourself a Matrox G450 (or better).
Oh, and I prefer CRT with a high refresh rate.
(I am hitting submit, with out previewing, wish me luck)
Re:Multiple monitors, CRT vs LCD (Score:1)
Re:Multiple monitors, CRT vs LCD (Score:1)
Great for just about everything... (Score:4, Interesting)
I find that it is siginificantly faster to switch between programs running on different screens, than to try to find which item in the task bar represents that program and clicking on it. In addition, anyone who has to use reference material to work on a current project will find it very helpful. On one screen, you can have the pdf(instead of printing it out) and you can read through it as you are working on the second screen.
I will always use multiple screens if they are available to me.
The best way to get your boss to see how much nicer it is/more productive one can become is to setup his computer to have multiple screens. Let him use it for a week or two. (This is of course provided that he uses his computer substancially and would appreciate it.) Then when he goes back to one screen he will see how limiting it is. (Just like that first time when you work on a 21" screen for a while and have to go back to your 15" screen.)
As for LCDs vs. CRTs, it all comes down to cost and desk space. If you're trying to get them to bite the bullet and get some multiple screen systems, getting them to buy 19" CRTs is going to be much easier than 18" LCDs. However, if your Desks aren't big enough for CRTs then you are stuck.
Just thought of one more reason that going to multiple monitors is good. It gives you significantly more screen space for your money spent. Two 19" monitors might run you $350-$500 (depending on which screens you get... you could even get it under $300)... one 21" monitor will run you $300+... and one 24" will run you $1200...
Re:Great for just about everything... (Score:2)
I would never in my life use a 21" monitor that only cost $300. *shudder* Can people actually use those crappy monitors? If I don't have a Trinitron or better, I go home with headaches every day. It would cost me about $600 for a 21" Trinitron, which is only $200 cheaper than a 19" LCD, so there isn't that much cost difference if you buy a decent monitor.
I just don't understand this whole "CRTs are really cheap" thing; it astounds me that people actually buy monitors that cheap. My wife's boss buys her monitors at Costco, and I get a headache every time I have to use them. Yuck.
Re:Great for just about everything... (Score:2)
Re:Great for just about everything... (Score:2)
For just about anything else, I find that having a good VWM does just as well, and I usually leave the second monitor off.
my setup (Score:3, Insightful)
Four desktops, each two monitors in size. First desktop: journal, several tabbed browser windows for general research. Second desktop: on the left three emacs windows, one for front end PHP code, one for back end PHP code, one for CSS stylesheets; on the right, four console windows open to various points in the source tree where I can do source code control manipulations and run commands to publish the new code to various test servers. Third desktop: left side, various SSH consoles open to web servers and capturing web server log outputs; right side, three different types of browsers to view the test pages. Four window: left side, free for hire; right side, SSH sessions to the embedded devices that capture our data and to the company's corporate web server where functions as a bulletin board for the development team. And then there are two more desktops I keep for stuff I'm only working on casually. Use some instances of Dia for making diagrams to post into the corporate workweb, image processing tools, etc. And the left monitor itself is special: I press the input button it switches to display the output of a W2K machine which I also use to test web pages and for browsing web sites that suck in Mozilla.
But that's just me, right? Not "definitive". Use your brain, guy. I used to buy shelfloads of C++ books. My desktop was my second monitor. You know, that chunk of wood that supports your mouse and keyboard. I used to look down there to learn things I needed to know while I was working. It has been two years since I bought a book to prop on my desktop. Any book I buy now sends me to the big leather chair. What else has changed? Could it be that my work is smattered across seven different embedded systems and web servers? That never happened back when I was running a Pentium system. And let's not forget you can almost fit the list of all XML standards on a single 19" monitor if you use small fonts (and you never actually click into them). And it's not possible that I could need to reference materials on Perl, Python, JavaScript, and PHP all in the same hour. Or that I might be running tail -f | grep on six different files under
My suggestion is give up. The definitive study that having one hand tied behind your back impedes your work flow probably doesn't exist.
Re:my setup (Score:1)
Re:my setup (Score:1)
Re:2 points (Score:1)
Here's what I would do with two monitors (Score:2)
When I'm coding on one monitor I use 4 desktops, 1 for instant messenging/mp3 playing, one for text editors, one for browser windows with documentation, and one with shells. If I had two monitors I would probably keep the code open all the time and switch off the documentation with the other two desktops in the second monitor.
If I come across a great deal of money it's two flat-screens ahoy!
Scrounge the equipment (Score:3, Insightful)
Ask a simple question (Score:2)
Ask the powers that be: How much work could you do in a day if your desk had a 21-inch diagonal?
I used 3 monitors (each attached to its own PC) at my last job. I was doing QA with much automated testing. I was testing interactive web sites as well as database migration, conversion, and update efforts. My monitors? One had a 17-inch diagonal and the other two were 21-inch, as follows:
Was it worth it? Let me put it to you this way: The two PC's with the 21-inch monitors -- I purchased them (PCs and monitors) on my own, out of my own pocket. I have no absolutely no regrets. If anything, I'm looking forward to when I can afford to buy another 21-inch monitor so I can run with 3 of them side-by-side.
Persuasion: How do you persuade the powers-that-be to take the plunge? Ask one of them to sit at the computer for an hour as you talk them through your normal daily tasks. Have them remember the stuff that you need to remember as you switch between desktops or windows. Then, go to another PC where you've set up a dual monitor configuration (e.g. borrow the monitor for another coworker). Now talk them through the same task and let them see for themself how much easier and faster to do things without having to memorize so much stuff between actions. You can keep track of more things and less stuff falls through the cracks.
When they feel your pain, and see the benefits, you won't have to convince them, they'll be rooting for YOU! Even better, they may well be thinking of how THEY could get a dual-monitor setup! Encourage that line of thinking, help them to attain it, and you'll have a powerful ally on your side.
Historical Perspective. About 10 years ago I was working at a company that was developing a product that ran on both OS/2 and Windows. Even with my best efforts at scheduling my tasks, I spent from 30-60 minutes a day waiting for the PC to reboot into the other operating system. This was back when a 386-25 Compaq DeskPro was REALLY fast. And expensive ($3000?) so getting dual systems was really tough to justify financially. Today, spending only a few hundred for a new graphics card and monitor should be much easier!
Good Luck!
My experiance (Score:3, Interesting)
My experience so far (Score:1)
Right now I'm developing a Java program, so I've got emacs and three shell windows open on one virtual desktop, on the big monitor. emacs is 80 characters wide and the full height of the screen tall, with the three shell windows filling up the rest of the screen space. On the smaller monitor I have Konqueror opened to the JDK 1.4 online documentation.
This setup lets me look at the documentation while I'm coding without obscuring either the code itself or the output on any of my terminals. I don't know whether that's a timesaver or not but it's certainly a *mindsaver*; I find it much easier to think about my code when I can see the code, the results, and the docs all at once.
Incidentally, it also saves me keypresses and/or mouse motions (no dragging around of windows, pressing alt-tab, etc), which is more important for me than other considerations, since I have a mild case of wrist tendonitis that I don't want to get worse (again).
not a study, but experience (Score:2)
i've found that this allows me to have visual slickedit on the main screen, testing stuff on the second screen and docs on the powerbook. it is, to me, very helpful, especially since i'm using a couple of libraries for the first time, so having the docs right beside me is an asset.
a couple of people from school have seen my set-up and gone out and bought a 2nd monitor because they see the value instantly.
a note of interest about using an nvidia dual-monitor system. you basically get one big screen, so you have the ability to drag a window from one monitor to the next. i *wish* i had the ability to view the two screens as independant screens with virtual desktops for each, so i could keep the code on the main screen and switch the other from compile to testing. i currently kinda do this by making the code sticky and flipping back and forth on the 2 virtual desktops.
i have a feeling tha the complexity of making my wish come true is the main reason it does not yet exist. or maybe it does exist, i've done zero research so far.
hope that helps.
Re:not a study, but experience (Score:2)
If you're using linux, this is quite easy--just get another video card. It's nearly impossible not to set Unix up this way with multiple cards. I usually run Gnome on one card and something simple like Afterstep on the other card, and I have that flexibility.
Re:not a study, but experience (Score:2)
any pointers/articles/urls?
thanks.
Re:not a study, but experience (Score:2)
Basically, it's a pain to get X to load correctly with two devices sometimes (I've only done it on Solaris), but once you get that, you'll definitely have to start a second WM on the other card. I have a short script that does this for me (sets DISPLAY to
People keep talking about Gnome eventually supporting multiple monitors, but I don't think it's that big of a deal.
My personal experience (Score:4, Interesting)
First and probably foremost, like all things, it will vary by the person. I've known people who couldn't effectively use two monitors' worth of space and who just did one thing on one monitor and another on the second, so they might as well have just switched workspaces.
However, I find multiple monitors to be largely indispensable. I can fake it with multiple workspaces, but then I waste a lot of time trying to find the right workspace sometimes, and it's much more difficult.
I code almost entirely in perl, using gvim. I usually do my main coding on the left monitor, and I usually have 1-2 other gvim windows open in the other monitor (does anybody code completely independent files anymore? there are always other files I need to look at), and that leaves me 1-4 other small terminals (I use two small and three large terminals on my 21" monitors) for things like tailing the apache logs (if I'm doing web development), tailing system logs, that kind of thing.
As a sysadmin, I also find that the extra screen space means that I can throw away space that I wouldn't otherwise be able to do--I have a portion of screen space permanently dedicated to a small window tailing a combined syslog from my entire network, and another window dedicated to an IRC session with everyone else in my group. If I only had one monitor, I could not afford this space, and thus would be constantly switching over to check for IRC or syslogs.
If you usually do or should work with multiple windows at once, then you will probably find multiple monitors to be useful. You can usually do without them, but it makes a big difference. I don't know exactly how to measure my productivity, but I do know that if I don't have multiple monitors, I spend a lot more time flipping back and forth doing large context switches, whereas with multiple monitors, I only actually flip around when I'm changing tasks. This is especially true with web development, because web browsers are so large relative to other windows.
And if you happen to be a sysadmin, I think it's an even easier proof, because there are usually multiple things you need to be paying attention to all of the time, and you are also usually at least partially working on more than one thing at once. I love starting a long task in one window while doing development in three other windows, tailing the log files, and watching IRC, all at the same time. I don't ever context switch out of development unless one of the other windows moves, and it takes very little effort to assess whether that new information deserves a full context switch or can just be ignored or whatever.
At this point, if I ever work for a company that won't buy me the extra monitor, I'll buy it for myself; it's only a couple days of work for me, and it's definitely worth the money to me.
Re:My personal experience (Score:2)
I have very simple needs in terms of my interfaces; I usually bind a few of the F keys to do things like lock my workstation, open 1-3 terminals (usually in a fixed configuration), and skip songs in xmms. Other than that, I don't use any features of my window manager. This means that WMs like Gnome cause a big burden in terms of management and performance, whereas with Afterstep or FVWM2, I get it right once and I know it's always right, I don't ever have to fight with it. And Afterstep can take very little screen space to do it's job. No, I never use the start key on Gnome. I only use about 6 different windowing apps at work, so I don't need menus for them.
Multiple monitor _are_ better (Score:1)
As a programmer myself I find it easy to have an editor in the middle, to the left the console where I test/debug, and the other side for man pages
Multimonitor really comes to life on GNU/BSD if you use an X server with xinerama support, then you monitors are counted as 1 big screen.
Or, don't use Xinerama, and see Gnome and KDE running next to each other.
If you hook up 2 keyboards and 2 mouses, you can use 1 pc with two people at the same time even !
Setting it up is fairly easy, the painfull part is finding a combo of cards that work smoothly together.
Matrox is god in this area, the provide multihead cards with excellent quality, AND you can use multiple multihead cards without a problem.
I think 4 monitors is about the maximum anyone can handle...
Re:Multiple monitor _are_ better _kind_of_OT_ (Score:1)
Did you set that up?
I couldn't find resources anywhere, and wanted to see _one_ success story before buying a USB keyboard. Do you have any resources about that setup? XF86Config?? something??
Even if you get the data... (Score:4, Interesting)
Do the budget people respond to empirical evidence? My experience has always been that they make emotional rather than logical decisions (like most people do).
Perhaps you can come up with some emotional argument, like, as a previous poster mentioned, letting your boss use a dual-monitor setup for a little while. Even if he doesn't need it, he'll hopefully think it's cool and not be so opposed to it for you.
easy way to try it out (Score:2)
if you want to investigate dual-monitor setup really cheaply, i would just look in a closet somewhere for some old equipment (or grab PCI video cards off of eBay) and draw your own conclusions. then, you can always upgrade later.
Re:easy way to try it out (Score:2)
I'll second this, if only because I hate political cruft. Rather than spending time searching for studies to present as evidence in a proposal to the PHBs to fund a multi-mon trial run focus group that can used to emperically prove that blah blah blah...
Just do it. If you're working at a real job and they're seriously short on money (i.e. because of the economy vs. just not caring about their employees), pony up for your own 15" monitor and graphics card. A couple hundred bucks will give you a great multimon experience, and who knows, you might start a trend. Demonstrate that it gives higher productivity, don't just tell. Plus, based on my experience with smaller companies I worked for during college, they feel slightly guilty if you bring in your own equipment if what they gave you wasn't adaquate.
Budget Justification (Score:3, Informative)
Most companies treat resources based on monitors rather than boxes; if you can justify a need for a second box then it is easy enough to just go for a second monitor. The trick is to make sure that the arguments for a second PC don't interfere with just having a dual-headed system.
The other secret is that this is more about morale than productivity for the boss. Although it might not be much of a stretch to claim a 2% productivity increase which would pay for the equipment inside a year, it's easier to express your frustration with working with several small windows that don't offer a full picture of the project.
I don't know how you 1 screeners do it... (Score:1)
My current setup is a Matrox G550 Dualhead with a 32MB Diamond Stealth3 running 17",15",15".
My 17" just recently died and for the last week I've been down to 2 and I find it very frustrating.
Keeping aside the fact that most people who are unfamiliar with the MM configuration find using my system intimidating... Let face it, we've all got one thing or another on our systems that we don't want people seeing... People like kids and spouses mostly... but nosey friend and guests also. Not that I permit people as a rule to use my system, but I'm not always around.
In terms of actual practicality, which, BTW, my wife does not believe for a second, I have to say that 2 monitors was and is a great efficiency booster. Editors on one screen, debuggers and other output on another. Browser on 1, email or editor on 2, DVD on 1, Browser/email/editor/other on 2.
Go for 3 and your world changes. I go for hours a day now never having to tab to, or flip through, different windows. Shangri-la, baby.
I estimate I save myself about an hour a day, by not having to flip about looking for a window I've covered with another.
My holy grail is actually a 2x3 screen config. Set up like that, I'd even take all 15", but 6-17" screens would be best. I'd never have to tab through windows again. woohoo.
my experience (Score:2)
like many of you (who spend most of the day staring at monitors), I have problems with my neck.
I've found a nice side-effect of having 2 displays. the motion of looking left/right and back again causes my neck to be in motion more than had I been using only 1 display. this alone has helped reduce neck strain.
similarly, although I can't prove it, I think my eyes also have some variety in terms of focusing. its known that you should look away and focus on something farther away (every 20 minutes or so), and at least moving my head side to side to see each display causes some refocusing, which I think does help some.
typical use is when doing photo retouching in one display and having xterms in the other. or a mozilla window in one and emacs in the other (yes, I use emacs to edit html source).
my current favorite setup is a pair of 16" 1280x1024 sharp brand monitors with DVI and a single dual matrox g550 agp card. 16" displays are big enough to see well but not so big that they consume most of your desk space. if you buy the video card direct from matrox you can order the special dual-dvi cable (the magic is in the cable, not the card). for some reason, dual dvi is impossible to find in local stores (even though I'm in the silicon valley!). go figure..
I gave up with it (Score:1)
At home, I find having multiple workspaces in windowmaker is at least as good.
I prefer a single monitor (Score:2)
I worked summer before last on a system with two twenty inch monitors running Windows. Last summer, I had the opportunity to set it up (unfortunately, again Windows), and used a single monitor with virtual desktops.
It turns out that as long as you have a decent mouse speed and fast edge flippping (i.e. no resistance), you can do much better with the virtual desktops.
Two 20" monitors are too big to keep in your field of view. I have to look different places. When I'm working with a big virtual desktop, I zip the mouse to where I want to go. It takes me somewhere between an eight and a quarter of a second to fully traverse my 3x4 grid of viewports.
OTOH, I *do* think that getting your single monitor up to 1600x1200, 19" is worthwhile. That you *can* keep in your field of vision.
Re:I prefer a single monitor (Score:1)
As for virtual desktops being superior . . . Whatever.
Nice for organizing all your clutter.
Worthless when you need to compare two or more images, drawings, or just need a zoomed-out window to help you find where you are in a drawing. And even if my 21" didn't fit within my field of vision, that's not an bad thing.
It is much more intuitive to turn your head and look, than to have everything displayed in one place. - Do you read books by keeping your eyes still and moving the book side to side and up and down? Are you saying that your eyes are motionless when looking at your 19" monitor?
As to many of the earlier complaints about Windows and multi-monitor support. I have not ever had a problem with win 98 or 2000 and dual monitors - and that's working with dozens of machines and hardware combos.
There is no answer... (Score:1)
This is truly a "to each their own" type of thing dependent on the brain of the person who wants - or doesnt want - multiple monitors.
- Rob
Lower resolutions (Score:1)
It is sufficient because I don't have to use blindingly high resolutions to keep enough on the screen now. It's not a sacrifice to keep a web page on the screen.
As for my productivity, it's went up mostly in my multitasking capability. I can place a task (database import, compile, program installation, all the little tasks that programming often entails) on the other screen as I continue to hack on the source code at hand. Now, instead of navigating through the window maze, I can glance at the other window to see if it's done. I lose less idle processing time.
As for programming itself, I haven't noticed an appreciable improvement. I will often print out the output of a program or the source code of a relevant class instead of keeping it on the screen anyway. The dual monitor setup does save me paper costs, but that's often neglegable in an office.
Virtual Desktops (Score:2)
So typically I have 3 desktops set up in a 1 x 3 config horizontally. One has my browser one has my mail client and the other is a multi purpose desktop with development tools. I can also add an extra desktop on the fly which I do if I have an active shell session going that I don't want to lose track of.
It's great because with a simple mouse movement I can switch between totally different environments without all of the clutter. This is very similar to a multi-monitor setup and for some purposes better. Not to mention the TCO benefits.
I found God, and he works in Econ. at Penn. (Score:1)
I can't go on, I'm tearing. I hope that's become an inspiration to all.
I won't go back (Score:1)
I use the second monitor mostly for reference. It's the equivalent of having a book open in front of you on the desk.
A good example is the html Java documentation pages. You can have the pages open on another screen for reference as you work in your editor on your main screen- with no need to move stuff around or click all over the place to make it visible.
Another example is html editing. You can work on one screen and see your results in a browser on the second screen at the same time. There's something to be said for being able to see what your code is actually doing- it allows you to get a better sense of the 'big picture' (pun intended).
Vendors are putting in features on the dual output cards now that are also handy. Matrox, for example, provides software that allows you to do things like view the same web page across both screens (handy for very long pages) or control which screen your pages open in.
In terms of cost, I chose multimonitor over one giant screen because, at the time, I could purchase a video card (matrox g450) and 2 17" monitors (philips 107t) for just over 1/2 the cost of a 21" monitor- and I have more screen space to work with.
Essentially, the advantage is that a multimonitor setup allows you to take in more information at once with little hassle. This frees you from opening and closing windows, moving stuff around and scrolling through smaller windows so that you can concentrate on getting your work done. It's also relatively cheap (especially now with falling crt prices).
oh, yeah- I chose the matrox card because it allowed me more integration and control between my monitors, but there's nothing stopping you from using a card you already have and purchasing another cheap one on the side.
Re:I won't go back (Score:1)
Just found something in my post that may need clarification...
When I mentioned that you could view pages across both screens- it seemed as if i was talking about maximizing the window across both screens. What I meant to say was that you could multiscreen the page vertically. In other words, as you scroll down one page, there is a second window open on the other screen that also scrolls the same page- but is further ahead in the page. this allows you to read ahead and maintain continuity.
You can also set it up to alternate window openings, so that new windows open on the opposite screen from the link. This allows you to follow links and still see where you came from.
ok, enough evangelising...
no evidence but (Score:2)
Useful link (Score:2)
http://www.9xmedia.com/Pages-products/2000-Back
Enjoy!
-CB